Merchants' Gate

Merchants' Gate

New York City, USA

So.

So. Merchants' Gate. One of eighteen original entrances, each named after a profession — Artisans' Gate, Engineers' Gate, Miners' Gate. The names were chosen in eighteen sixty-two as a political statement supporting the North's free labor system. Most weren't actually inscribed in stone until nineteen ninety-nine. A hundred and thirty-seven years late. That's New York for you.

Look around. Those rocks poking through the ground? Those are real. Manhattan schist — five hundred million years old, give or take. Older than trees. Older than insects. Those rocks were here when this island was at the bottom of an ocean.

Everything else? Everything that isn't ancient bedrock? Somebody put it there.

The man responsible was Frederick Law Olmsted, and before he designed the most famous park in the world, he had failed at essentially everything. He tried being a merchant sailor. Got seasick the entire voyage to China, spent ONE day on the continent, came home, and wrote an article about it anyw

ay. He tried farming on Staten Island. The farm failed. He tried running a gold mine in California. That failed too — he resigned and came home broke. He tried journalism. That actually worked, briefly — he traveled the South and wrote about slavery. But it didn't pay.

By eighteen fifty-seven, he was thirty-five years old, broke, and desperate. So when a job opened up as superintendent of a park

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Quick Facts

  • Merchants' Gate is one of eighteen original entrances named after professions in 1862
  • Most gate names weren't inscribed in stone until 1999 (first gate inscribed 1954)
  • Manhattan schist bedrock is approximately 500 million years old
  • Olmsted failed at merchant sailing, farming, gold mine management before Central Park
  • Olmsted and Vaux submitted entry #33 of 33, arrived at midnight, woke caretaker
  • Greensward Plan used before/after photographs as presentation technique (1858)
  • 166 tons of gunpowder used — more than the Battle of Gettysburg
  • 20,000+ workers, $1-$1.50/day, 10-hour days
  • 270,000+ trees/shrubs planted; 18,500 cubic yards topsoil imported from NJ/LI
  • Only 5 worker deaths during 15-year construction
  • Four sunken transverse roads below grade — unique among 33 competition entries
  • Olmsted quote: "not a foot of surface nor a spear of grass which does not represent study and design"
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Location

New York City, USA
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